How to Say Sorry in Korean: Formal, Informal & Cultural Tips

Apologies in Korean go beyond words—they reflect respect, hierarchy, and emotional sincerity.

Why Apologizing Matters in Korean Culture

Korean culture emphasizes respect, especially in social hierarchies. Saying sorry isn’t just about regret—it’s a reflection of humility and social harmony. Whether you’re in a formal business setting or chatting with friends, knowing the right way to apologize in Korean shows emotional intelligence.

Formal Ways to Say Sorry in Korean

1. 죄송합니다 (joesonghamnida)

This is the most formal and respectful way to say “I’m sorry.”

When to use it:

• Speaking to elders or superiors
• In customer service or professional settings

Example:

죄송합니다. 제가 실수했어요.
(I’m sorry. I made a mistake.)

2. 죄송해요 (joesonghaeyo)

A slightly less formal version—still polite, but more commonly used in everyday respectful speech.

Example:

늦어서 죄송해요.
(Sorry for being late.)

Informal Ways to Say Sorry in Korean

1. 미안해요 (mianhaeyo)

Casual and polite, suitable for peers or acquaintances.

Example:

미안해요, 몰랐어요.
(Sorry, I didn’t know.)

2. 미안해 (mianhae)

Used among close friends, family, or people younger than you.

Example:

나 진짜 미안해.
(I’m really sorry.)

3. 미안 (mian)

Super casual—often used in texting or quick apologies among close friends.

Example:

ㅋㅋ 미안~ 다음에 보자
(Lol sorry~ see you next time.)

Beyond Words: Other Korean Apology Phrases

1. 실례합니다 (sillyehamnida)

“Excuse me” / “Pardon me.” Useful when interrupting or politely drawing attention.

2. 잘못했어요 (jalmothaesseoyo)

“I did wrong.” Used to admit fault directly—often with sincerity.

Example:

제가 정말 잘못했어요.
(I was truly at fault.)

Apology Etiquette in Korea

• Bow your head slightly when apologizing—especially in formal contexts.
• Tone matters. Even a perfectly correct sentence can feel rude if said flippantly.
• Don’t over-apologize. Sometimes empathy or silence is more appropriate (e.g., during someone’s loss).

Apology Table Cheat Sheet

Final Thoughts

Korean apologies carry cultural weight. Understanding when to use 죄송합니다 versus 미안해 goes beyond language—it shows respect, social awareness, and emotional maturity.

Next time you make a mistake or simply want to be polite, you’ll know exactly how to say sorry the right way.